Which is a right or freedom protected by the First Amendment?

The right to petition the government is specifically protected by the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. The First Amendment guarantees several fundamental freedoms, including freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances. This means that individuals have the right to make complaints to or seek assistance from their government without fear of punishment or reprisals.

In the context of the other choices, the right to bear arms is protected by the Second Amendment, the right to vote is addressed through various amendments but is not explicitly mentioned in the First Amendment, and the right to a trial by jury is articulated in the Sixth Amendment. Each of these rights is significant in its own context, but only the right to petition the government directly aligns with the enumerated protections of the First Amendment.